Your little one’s health is precious, and every cough deserves care.
Whooping cough, or pertussis, is a respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. It spreads through tiny droplets in the air, but with the right care and awareness, it can be managed effectively. India has made remarkable progress, with pertussis cases dropping from 40,508 in 2010 to 4,949 in 2023—a sign that prevention and treatment are working.
With proper medical support, most children recover well. Early guidance helps ease discomfort, and vaccinations provide strong protection. This blog gently walks you through recognising symptoms, seeking care when necessary, and understanding preventive steps—all with warmth and reassurance.
What Is Whooping Cough?
Whooping cough, or pertussis, is a respiratory infection that leads to repeated coughing episodes, sometimes accompanied by a distinctive “whooping” sound. It is caused by Bordetella pertussis, a bacteria that affects the airways and makes breathing difficult, especially for infants and young children.
Whooping Cough Causes and How It Spreads
- The causative organism of whooping cough is Bordetella pertussis.
- It spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- Close contact, particularly in households, schools, or daycare settings, increases the risk.
- Newborns often contract it from family members who may not realise they are carriers.
Who Is Most at Risk?
While whooping cough is preventable, some individuals need extra care and protection.
- Infants under six months – Their immune systems are still developing, making them more sensitive to infections. Since they rely on protection from those around them, close contact with someone carrying the bacteria can increase their chances of catching it.
- Unvaccinated or partially vaccinated children – Without full protection, their bodies take longer to recognize and fight the infection. Regular interaction with peers at school or daycare can make exposure more likely.
- Pregnant women – Pregnancy naturally shifts the immune response, making expectant mothers more aware of respiratory infections. Being in crowded spaces or around infected individuals can increase their risk.
- Immunocompromised individuals – When the immune system is already managing other conditions, it may take extra time to clear infections, making early care and support essential.
- Adolescents and adults – Since symptoms are often mild, they may not realize they have the infection and unknowingly pass it to infants or those with lower immunity.
Recognising Whooping Cough Symptoms Early
We know how worrying a persistent cough can be, but you’re not alone in this. With the right care, whooping cough can be managed effectively. It often starts with mild symptoms, and recognising them early helps you take the best steps for your little one’s health.
1. Early Symptoms (Catarrhal Stage)
This stage lasts 1–2 weeks and is often mistaken for a common cold. Symptoms include:
- Runny nose, sneezing, and watery eyes
- Low-grade fever (typically below 38°C)
- Mild, occasional cough that gradually worsens
2. Severe Symptoms (Paroxysmal Stage)
After 1–2 weeks, symptoms become more intense, lasting up to 6 weeks:
- Severe coughing fits, occurring in rapid bursts.
- Can lead to bleeds in your eyes.
- A “whoop” sound when inhaling after a cough.
- Vomiting or exhaustion after coughing episodes.
- Breathing difficulties, especially in infants (who may have pauses in breathing instead of a whoop).
3. Recovery Phase (Convalescent Stage) – Weeks to Months
- A gradual reduction in coughing, though it may persist for weeks.
- Coughing triggered by respiratory infections even after recovery.
4. When to Seek Medical Care?
If your little one has persistent coughing fits, pauses in breathing (apnoea), or difficulty breathing, it’s best to see a doctor. Look out for signs like bluish lips, vomiting after coughing, or dehydration, especially in babies under six months. If your child has been in contact with someone with whooping cough, seeking medical advice ensures the right support for a smooth recovery.
A timely diagnosis helps manage whooping cough effectively. Here’s how doctors confirm the condition.
Whooping Cough Treatment: What You Need to Know
Whooping cough (pertussis) is a respiratory infection, but with early diagnosis and the right care, recovery can be smooth and comfortable.
Here’s how you can help your little one feel better.
1. Medical Treatment: Consult Your Doctor Early
- Your doctor may recommend antibiotics in the early stages to ease symptoms and reduce spread. A consultation helps determine if they’re necessary for your child
- Helps reduce symptom severity and prevent further spread.
- Your doctor will guide you on the safest treatment based on your child’s needs
2. Supportive Care and Home Remedies
Even with treatment, home care plays a vital role in recovery.
- Plenty of rest and fluids: This keeps your child hydrated and comfortable.
- Humidifier or steam therapy: Soothes throat irritation and helps breathing.
- Pain relief: Paracetamol or ibuprofen (only as advised by your doctor) can ease fever and discomfort.
- Avoid cough suppressants: They don’t help in pertussis and may make mucus thicker.
3. Vaccination
Vaccination is the safest way to protect your little one from whooping cough.
- For Infants & Young Children: The DTaP vaccine is given in five doses at 2, 4, 6, and 15–18 months, and 4–6 years to build strong immunity.
- For Older Children & Adults: A Tdap booster at 11–12 years helps maintain protection. If you missed a dose, it’s never too late to catch up.
- For Lifelong Protection: Expecting mothers should get a Tdap vaccine in the third trimester (weeks 27–36) to pass early immunity to their baby. Boosters every 10 years keep protection strong for parents and caregivers.
4. Hospital Care for Extra Support
Infants under six months are at higher risk and may need extra care.
- Oxygen therapy may be given if your baby has trouble breathing.
- Doctors monitor for signs of dehydration and ensure proper nourishment.
- Most children recover well with the right care and attention.
Whooping Cough: Contagiousness and Recovery
Whooping cough spreads easily in the early stages, but antibiotics can shorten the contagious period to just five days. Without treatment, it may take up to three weeks to stop spreading.
Rest, fluids, and small, nourishing meals can help ease symptoms during recovery. Give your child the time they need to heal, and follow your doctor’s advice before they return to school or activities.
Simple hygiene habits help protect your family and community:
- Cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue or elbow to limit bacterial spread.
- Avoid close contact with infants, pregnant women, and individuals with weakened immunity.
- Wash hands frequently with soap and sanitise high-touch surfaces.
- Stay up to date with vaccinations—DTaP for infants and Tdap boosters for older children and adults.
Final Say
Whooping cough can be worrying, but knowing the signs and available care can bring peace of mind. Early diagnosis and care can ease symptoms and limit the spread, keeping your little one as comfortable as possible. Vaccination offers strong protection, helping to keep children and communities safe.
Every child’s health is unique, and it’s natural for parents to have concerns. Having the right support makes all the difference, giving you confidence in every decision. We’re here to help whenever you need us—with expert paediatric care, 24/7 consultations, and trusted guidance. Book your consultation here.
Also read: Newborn Baby Care: The Basics Every Parent Should Know